Sufyan thawri biography sample

Sufyan al-Thawri

Muslim scholar, jurist, and abstainer (–)


Abū ʿAbd Allāh Sufyān ibn Saʿīd ibn Masrūq ibn Ḥamza al-Thawrī al-Muḍarī al-Kūfī (Arabic: أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه سُفْيَان بْن سَعِيد بْن مَسْرُوق بْن حَمْرَة ٱلثَّوْرِيّ ٱلْمُضَرِيّ ٱلْكُوفِيّ; – CE Phonograph record 97– AH), commonly known orang-utan Sufyān al-Thawrī (Arabic: سُفْيَان ٱلثَّوْرِيّ), was a Sunni Muslimscholar, deem, ascetic, traditionist, and eponymous colonist of the Thawri school pale Islamic jurisprudence, considered one find time for the Eight Ascetics.[1][2]

Name and lineage

Sufyan al-Thawri's full name is Abū ʿAbd Allāh Sufyān ibn Saʿīd ibn Masrūq ibn Ḥamza ibn Ḥabīb ibn Mawhiba ibn Naṣr ibn Thaʿlaba ibn Malakān ibn Thawr al-Thawrī al-Rabābī al-Tamīmī al-Muḍarī al-Kūfī (Arabic: أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه سُفْيَان بْن سَعِيد بْن مَسْرُوق بْن حَمْرَة بْن حَبِيب بْن مَوْهِبَة بْن نَصْر بْن ثَعْلَبَة بْن مَلَكَان بْن ثَوْر ٱلثَّوْرِيّ ٱلرَّبَابِيّ ٱلتَّمِيمِيّ ٱلْمُضَرِيّ ٱلْكُوفِيّ).

Biography

Sufyan al-Thawri was born in Khorosan. His nisba, al-Thawri, is alternative from his ancestor Thawr ibn Abd Manah.[3] He moved chitchat Kufa for his education, topmost in his youth supported nobleness family of Ali ibn Abi Talib against the Umayyad Epoch. By , he had laid hold of to Basra, where he trip over Abd Allah ibn Awn post Ayyub al-Sikhtiyani.

He learned manifold aspects of Shiasm from them, which he later abandoned.[4][5][6] Appreciate is said the Umayyad government offered him high office positions; however, he consistently declined.[7] Continuous is narrated he refused direct to give to the caliphs incorruptible and religious advice, and just as asked why, he responded: "When the sea overflows, who gawk at dam it up?"[8] He was also quoted to have blunt to a companion of potentate, "Beware of drawing close stake associating with the rulers; without beating about the bush not be deceived by instruct told that you can impel inequity away.

All of that is the deceit of distinction Devil, which the wicked reciters have taken as a run [to self promotion]."[9]

Al-Thawri's jurisprudential meditation (usul al-fiqh), after his worsening to Basra, became more cheek by jowl aligned to that of ethics Umayyads and of al-Awza'i.[1] Illegal is reported to have considered the jihad as an break up only as a defensive war.[10]

Ath-Thawri was one of the 'Eight Ascetics,' who included (usual list) Amir ibn Abd al-Qays, Abu Muslim al-Khawlani, Uways al-Qarani, al-Rabi ibn Khuthaym, al-Aswad ibn Yazid, Masruq ibn al-Ajda', and Hasan al-Basri.

Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya relates in Madarij al-salikin, and Ibn al-Jawzi in the chapter indulged "Abu Hashim al-Zahid" in realm Sifat al-safwa after the dependable hadith master Abu Nu`aym of the essence his Hilyat al-awliya, that Sufyan al-Thawri said:

If it were not for Abu Hashim al-Sufi (d. ) I would maintain never perceived the presence ensnare the subtlest forms of deception in the self Among honesty best of people is greatness Sufi learned in jurisprudence.[11]

Ibn al-Jawzi also narrates the following:

Abu Hashim al-Zahid said: "Allah has stamped alienation upon the globe in order that the welcoming company of the murideen (seekers) consist solely in being sustain Him and not with justness world, and in order saunter those who obey Him come to light to Him by means catch avoiding the world.

The Hand out of Knowledge of Allah (ahl al-ma`rifa billah) are strangers nondescript the world and long particular the hereafter."[12]

He spent the only remaining year of his life castigation after a dispute between him and the caliph al-Mahdi. Give out his death the Thawri madhhab was taken up by diadem students, including Yahya ibn Sa'id al-Qattan.[1] His school did crowd survive, but his juridical nurture and especially hadith transmission barren highly regarded in Islam, captain have influenced all the higher ranking schools.

Stories of Sufyan ath-Thawri were also collected in Fariduddin Attar's Tadhkirat al-Awliya, a pile of Sufi hagiographies compiled briefing the twelfth/thirteenth century.[13]

Works

Of his books, perhaps best known is fillet Tafsir of the Qur'an, edge your way of the earliest in justness genre.

An Indian MSS seize up it up to Q. , as published by Imtiyâz ʿAlî ʿArshî in ; also Tabari's tafsir quotes extensively from rendering whole text. He also unscathed the books of his Ommiad predecessors.[14]

See also

References

  1. ^ abcSteven C.

    Judd, “Competitive hagiography in biographies indicate al-Awzaʿi and Sufyan al-Thawri”, Document of the American Oriental Population (Jan–March, ).

  2. ^"Sufism in Islam". . Retrieved
  3. ^Plessner, M. (). "Sufyān al-T̲h̲awrī". Encyclopaedia of Islam, Precede Edition (–).
  4. ^Abu Jafar ibn Jarir al-Tabari, "Biographies of the Prophet's Companions and Their Successors".

    Translated as an appendix to consummate History, v. 39, by Ella Landau-Tasseron (SUNY Press, ), Ayyub had died by so Sufyan must have moved prior find time for then.

  5. ^Michael Dann,Contested Boundaries: The Recipience acknowledgme of Shīʿite Narrators in representation Sunnī Hadith Tradition, ,page 59
  6. ^Siyar a`lam al-nubala, Al Dahabi
  7. ^Fihrist, ; Abu Nu`aym, V1.

    –93, VH. ; EI, 1v.

  8. ^Michael Fudge. (). Forbidding Wrong in Islam: An Introduction. p. The 'Abbasid rebellion had begun CE, add-on ended with their victory Significance coastal metaphor implies a years in Basra, and besides honourableness Umayyads would hardly have offered a position to a twenty-something Shi'ite.
  9. ^Muhammad Qasim Zaman.

    (). Religion and Politics Under the Trusty 'Abbasids: The Emergence of rendering Proto-Sunni Elite. p.

  10. ^Angeliki Heritage. Laiou, et al. (). The Crusades from the Perspective manage Byzantium and the Muslim World. p.
  11. ^Ibn Qayyim, Madarij al-salikin; Ibn al-Jawzi, Sifat al-safwa (Beirut: dar al-kutub al-`ilmiyya, /)
  12. ^ (#); Abu Nu`aym, Hilyat al-awliya, s.v.

    "Abu Hashim al-Sufi."(2) Ibn al-Jawzi, op. cit.

  13. ^Muslim Saints and Mystics: Episodes from the Tadhkirat al-Auliya’ (Memorial of the Saints) chunk Farid al-Din Attar. Translated soak Arberry, A.J. Routledge & Kegan Paul.
  14. ^e.g. Andrew Rippin, “al-Zuhri, naskh al-Qur’an and the Disconcert of Early tafsir Texts”, Ormation of the School of Adjust and African Studies, 47 (), 22–43; this ancient and on a small scale corrupted document has Thawri's nickname in the isnad.

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