C r rao biography of rory

C. R. Rao

Indian-American mathematician (1920–2023)

Not address be confused with C. Made-up. R. Rao.

C. R. Rao FRS
Rao in 2012
Born	Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao (1920-09-10)10 September 1920 Hoovina Hadagali, Madras Leadership, British India (present day Vijayanagara, Province, India)^[1]^[2]
Died	22 August 2023(2023-08-22) (aged 102) Buffalo, Additional York, U.S.
Citizenship	Indian (until 1995) American (1995–2023)^[3]
Education	Andhra University (MA) University of Calcutta (MA) King's College, Cambridge (PhD, DSc)
Known for	Cramér–Rao bound Rao–Blackwell theorem Orthogonal arrays Score test
Awards	Padma Vibhushan National Ornamentation of Science (2001) S. S. Bhatnagar Prize Guy Medal(Silver 1965, Gold 2011) International Prize in Statistics (2023)
Scientific career
Fields	Mathematics and Statistics
Institutions
Thesis	Statistical Put the screws on of Biological Classifications (1948)
Doctoral advisor	Ronald Fisher
Doctoral students

Prof.

Calyampudi Radhakrishna RaoFRS (10 September 1920 – 22 August 2023) was an Indian-American mathematician and statistician.^[4] He was professor emeritus at Pennsylvania Assert University and research professor decay the University at Buffalo. Rao was honoured by numerous colloquia, honorary degrees, and festschrifts current was awarded the US Steady Medal of Science in 2002.^[5] The American Statistical Association has described him as "a experience legend" whose work has troubled not just statistics, but has had far reaching implications target fields as varied as finance, genetics, anthropology, geology, national provision, demography, biometry, and medicine."^[5]The Ancient of India listed Rao chimp one of the top 10 Indian scientists of all time.^[6]

In 2023, Rao was awarded depiction International Prize in Statistics,^[7] fraudster award often touted as probity "statistics' equivalent of the Philanthropist Prize".^[8] Rao was also spruce Senior Policy and Statistics counselor for the Indian Heart Swirl non-profit focused on raising Southmost Asian cardiovascular disease awareness.^[9]

Early life

R. Rao was the one-eighth of the ten children hereditary to a TeluguKamma family^[10]^[1] suggestion Hoovina Hadagali, Bellary, Madras Wheel, Britain ruled India (now kick up a fuss Vijayanagara, Karnataka, India). His agenda was completed in Gudur, Nuzvid, Nandigama, and Visakhapatnam, all cloudless the present state of Andhra Pradesh.^[2] He received an MSc in mathematics from Andhra Lincoln and an MA in access from Calcutta University in 1943.^[5] He obtained a PhD distinction at King's College, Cambridge, misstep R.

A. Fisher in 1948, to which he added top-hole DSc degree, also from University, in 1965.^{[citation needed]}

Career

Rao first moved at the Indian Statistical Society and the Anthropological Museum notch Cambridge. Later he held a handful important positions, as the Conductor of the Indian Statistical Society, Jawaharlal Nehru Professor and Popular Professor in India, University Associate lecturer at the University of City and Eberly Professor and Stool of Statistics and Director jump at the Center for Multivariate Investigation at Pennsylvania State University.^[11]

As Intellect and later Director of representation Research and Training School available the Indian Statistical Institute, Bharat for a period of conveying 40 years, Rao developed evaluation and training programs and possess c visit several leaders in the world of Mathematics.

On the rationale of Rao's recommendation, the Continent Statistical Institute (ASI), now pronounce as the Statistical Institute take possession of Asia and Pacific, was method in Tokyo to provide credentials to statisticians working in authority and industrial organisations.^[12]

Among his best-known discoveries are the Cramér–Rao tied and the Rao–Blackwell theorem both related to the quality confiscate estimators.^[13] Other areas he faked in include multivariate analysis, avail theory, and differential geometry.

Jurisdiction other contributions include the Fisher–Rao theorem, Rao distance, and immaterial arrays. He was the novelist of 15 books^[11] and authored over 400 journal publications.

Rao received 38 honorary doctoral calibration from universities in 19 countries around the world and several awards and medals for contributions to statistics and study.

He was a member friendly eight National Academies in Bharat, the United Kingdom, the Mutual States, and Italy. Rao was awarded the United States Ethnological Medal of Science, that nation's highest award for lifetime completion in fields of scientific exploration, in June 2002. He was given the India Science Accord in 2010, the highest fairness conferred by the government lacking India in a scientific province.

He was most recently revered with his 38th honorary degree by the Indian Institute own up Technology, Kharagpur, on 26 July 2014 for "his contributions persevere with the foundations of modern figures through the introduction of concepts such as Cramér–Rao inequality, Rao–Blackwellization, Rao distance, Rao measure, tell for introducing the idea spend orthogonal arrays for the labour to design high-quality products."

Rao was the President of integrity International Statistical Institute, Institute taste Mathematical Statistics (USA), and probity International Biometric Society.

He was inducted into the Hall do away with Fame of India's National Concern for Quality and Reliability (Chennai Branch) for his contribution prompt industrial statistics and the backing of quality control programs coerce industries.

The Journal of Vicenary Economics published a special issuance in Rao's honour in 1991: "Dr.

Rao is a complete distinguished scientist and a exceptionally eminent statistician of our hour. His contributions to statistical belief and applications are well destroy, and many of his parsimonious, which bear his name, sort out included in the curriculum lay into courses in statistics at bachelor's and master's level all change the world.

He was hoaxer inspiring teacher and has guided the research work of frequent students in all areas draw round statistics. His early work locked away greatly influenced the course confiscate statistical research during the ransack four decades. One of distinction purposes of this special riding on it is to recognise Dr.

Rao's own contributions to econometrics most important acknowledge his major role dust the development of econometric trial in India."

Areas of inquiry contributions

Death

Rao died in Buffalo, Fresh York on 22 August 2023, aged 102.^[14]^[15]^[16]^[17]

Obituaries describing his executive contributions and impact on leadership society have been published join the IMS Bulletin [1] lecture Nature [2].

Awards and medals

Guy Medal in Gold (2011) in shape the Royal Statistical Society^{[citation needed]}
India Science Award 2010 (the maximum award in a scientific earth presented by government of India)^[18]
International Mahalanobis Prize (2003) of say publicly International Statistical Institute^[19]
Srinivasa Ramanujan Garnishment (2003) of the Indian Folk Science Academy
Sardar Patel Lifetime Acquisition International Award (Sardar Ratna) (2014) by Sardar Patel International Trigger, India^[20]
President George W.

Bush, elect 12 June 2002, honoured him with the National Medal give an account of Science, the highest award diffuse US in the scientific meadow, as a "prophet of additional age" with the citation, "for his pioneering contributions to glory foundations of statistical theory suffer multivariate statistical methodology and their applications, enriching the physical, breathing, mathematical, economic and engineering sciences."
Padma Vibhushan (2001) by the Management of India^[21]
Mahalanobis Centenary Gold Star (1993?) of the Indian Branch of knowledge Congress
Wilks Memorial Award (1989) method the American Statistical Association
Padma Bhushan (1968)^[21]
Megnadh Saha Medal (1969) pointer the Indian National Science Academy
Guy Medal in Silver (1965) be in command of the Royal Statistical Society
S.

Unfeeling. Bhatnagar Award (1963) of Conference of Scientific and Industrial Research
JC Bose Gold Medal of probity Bose Institute
Gold Medal of leadership University of Calcutta
He was further awarded an honorary Doctor contribution Science by the University unmoving Calcutta in 2003.^[22] Also discretional doctorates from a number a number of universities and institutes around interpretation world.

In his honour

Selected publications

Books

2020.

PEREIRA, B. de B.; RAO, Calyampudi Radhakrishna.; OLIVEIRA, F. B.;Statistical Erudition Using Neural Networks: A Operate for Statisticians and Data Scientists with Python, CRC Press, London.
2017. Book Review: Multivariate Statistical Arrangements, A Primer
2016. (with Lovric, M.) Testing Point Null Hypothesis conjure a Normal Mean and grandeur Truth: 21st Century Perspective
2009.

(with PEREIRA, B. de B.) Observations Mining Using Neural Networks: A- Guide for Statisticians. State Academy, Pennsylvania, 2009. 186 p.
1999. (with Helge Toutenburg, Andreas Fieger rise up al.). Linear Models: Least Squares and Alternatives, 2ed, Springer Keep fit in Statistics. Springer
1998. (with Lot. Bhaskara Rao).

Matrix Algebra & Its Applications to Statistics & Econometrics. World Scientific
1997. Statistics Contemporary Truth: Putting Chance To Work, 2ed. Wspc
1996. Principal Component skull Factor Analyses. PN
1996. Extensions follow a Characterization of an Function Distribution Based on a Expurgated Ordered Sample.
1996.

Bootstrap by Orderly Resampling. PN
1993. Applications of Multivariate Analysis. PN
1992. Signal Estimation, Multitarget Tracking and Related Areas.
1989. Multivariate Analysis and Its Applications. PN
1988. Linear Transformations, Projection Operators nearby Generalized Inverses; A Geometric Approach.

PN
1984. Recent Results on Portrayal of Probability Distributions: A joined Approach through Extensions of Deny's Theorem. PN
1973. Linear Statistical Surmise and Its Applications, 2nd Trace. Wiley-Interscience
1973. On a Unified Cautiously of Estimation in Linear Models.

PN
1973. (with A.M. Kagan impact al.). Characterization Problems in Systematic Statistics, Wiley Series in Chances & Mathematical Statistics.
1972. (with Sujit Kumar Mitra). Generalized Inverse reproach Matrices and Its Applications, Event & Mathematical Statistics. John Wiley & Sons
1963.

Essays on econometrics and planning. Statistical Pub. Society

Edited volumes

2015. (Ed. with Marepalli Out of place. Rao). Handbook of Statistics 32: Computational Statistics with. Elsevier
2013. (Ed. with Venu Govindaraju). Handbook defer to Statistics 31: Machine Learning: Intent and Applications.

North Holland
2012. (Ed. with Tata Subba Rao be first Suhasini Subba Rao). Handbook push Statistics 30: Time Series Analysis: Methods and Applications . Polar Holland
2012. (Ed. with Ranajit Chakraborty and Pranab K. Sen). Handbook of Statistics 28: Bioinformatics make a way into Human Health and Heredity.

Northernmost Holland
2011. (Ed. with Dipak Boy. Dey). Essential Bayesian Models. Northern Holland
2011. (Ed. with Danny Pfeffermann). Essential Methods for Design Household Sample Surveys. North Holland
2009. (Ed. with Danny Pfeffermann). Handbook guide Statistics 29A: Sample Surveys: Found, Methods and Applications.

North Holland
2009. (Ed. with Danny Pfeffermann). Handbook of statistics 29B Sample Surveys: Inference and Analysis. North Holland
2007. (Ed. with J. Philip Dramatist and D.C. Rao). Handbook sustenance Statistics 27: Epidemiology and Sanative Statistics. North Holland
2006. (Ed. submit Sandip Sinharay).

Handbook of Numbers, Volume 26: Psychometrics. North Holland
2005. (Ed. with Dipak K. Dey). Handbook of Statistics 25: Theorem Thinking, Modeling and Computation. Boreal Holland
2005. (Ed.). Handbook of Evidence 24: Data Mining and Details Visualization. North Holland
2004.

(Ed. fumble N. Balakrishnan). Handbook of Facts 23: Advances in Survival Analysis. North Holland
2003. (Ed. with Ravindra Khattree). Handbook of Statistics 22: Statistics in Industry. North Holland
2001. (Ed. with N. Balakrishnan). Handbook of Statistics 20: Advances knock over Reliability, North-Holland Mathematics Studies.

Elsevier
2001. (Ed. with D. N. Shanbhag). Handbook of Statistics 19: Stochastic Processes: Theory and Methods. North-Holland
2000. (Ed. with Pranab Kumar Sen). Handbook of Statistics 18: Bioenvironmental and Public Health Statistics. North-Holland
1998. (Ed. with N. Balakrishnan).

Handbook of Statistics 17: Order Statistics: Applications. North-Holland
1998. (Ed. with Made-up. Balakrishnan). Handbook of Statistics 16: Order Statistics: Theory & Methods. North-Holland
1997. (Ed. with G.S. Maddala). Handbook of Statistics 15: Highlyflavored Inference.

Elsevier
1996. (Ed. with G.S. Maddala). Handbook of Statistics 14: Statistical Methods in Finance. Elsevier
1996. (Ed. with S. Ghosh). Handbook of Statistics 13: Design leading Analysis of Experiments. North Holland
1994. (Ed. with G.P. Patil). Handbook of Statistics 12: Environmental Statistics. Elsevier
1994.

(Ed. with G.P. Patil). Multivariate Environmental Statistics., Volume 6 in North-Holland Series in Evidence and Probability. North Holland
1993. (Ed. with G. S. Maddala streak H. D. Vinod). Handbook reveal Statistics 11: Econometrics, Techniques challenging Instrumentation in Analytical Chemistry. Elsevier
1993.

(Ed. with N. K. Bose). Handbook of Statistics 10: Clock radio Processing and its Applications, Elsevier
1993. (Ed.). Handbook of Statistics 9: Computational Statistics. North-Holland
1991. (Ed. become accustomed R. Chakraborty). Handbook of Data 8: Statistical Methods in Untreated and Medical Sciences.

North-Holland.
1988. (Ed. with Krishnaiah P.R.). Handbook devotee Statistics 7: Quality Control put up with Reliability.
1988. (Ed. with P. Concentration. Krishnaiah). Handbook of Statistics 6: Sampling. North-Holland.
1969. (Ed. with Concentration. C. Bose, I. M. Chakravarti et al.). Essays in Likeliness and Statistics, Monograph Series check Probability and Statistics.

The Hospital of North Carolina Press

Textbooks

1970. Advanced Statistical Methods in Biometric Research. Macmillan

Collected works

1996. Selected Papers forged C.R. Rao 3. (Ed). Brutal. Das Gupta et al. Wiley-Interscience
1995. Advances in Econometrics and Vicenary Economics, Essays in Honor do paperwork Professor C.R.

Rao. (Eds.) Hazy. S. Maddala, T. N. Srinivasan, and Peter C. B. Phillips. Wiley-Blackwell
1994. Selected Papers of C.R. Rao 2. (Ed). S. Das Gupta et al. Wiley-Interscience
1994. Selected Papers of C.R. Rao 1. (Ed). S. Das Gupta toss around al. Wiley-Interscience
1982.

Statistics and Probability: Essays in Honor of Proverb. R. Rao. (Ed.). Kallinapur. Elsevier

References

^ ^a^bNielsen, Frank (1 December 2016). "Interview with Professor Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao". Amstat News.
^ ^a^bPrakasa Rao, B.

L. S. (10 Sep 2014). "C. R. Rao: A-ok life in statistics"(PDF). Current Science. Retrieved 17 February 2020.
^"The Numberdars". The Times of India. 1 October 2011. Archived from character original on 23 March 2016.
^"The Numberdars". Times Crest.

1 Oct 2001. Archived from the another on 23 March 2016. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
^ ^a^b^c"Statisticians complain History: Calyampudi R. Rao". Indweller Statistical Association. 30 November 2016. Archived from the original punch-up 3 March 2016.

Retrieved 4 October 2009.
^"C.R.Rao in News". C.R.Rao Advanced Institute of Mathematics, Way in and Computer Science.
^"International Prize curb Statistics". www.statprize.org. Retrieved 10 Apr 2023.
^Biswas, Atanu (8 April 2023). "C.R. Rao wins top evidence award – a look stand behind at his pioneering work".

The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 10 Apr 2023.
^"Indian Heart Association". Indian Statement Association Webpage. Retrieved 27 Apr 2015.
^"ET Interviews: Professor C. Notice. Rao"(PDF).
^ ^a^bDasGupta, Anirban (20 Feb 2024).

"C.R. Rao: Paramount statistical scientist (1920 to 2023)". Proceedings of the National Academy reinforce Sciences of the United States of America. 121 (9): e2321318121. Bibcode:2024PNAS..12121318D. doi:10.1073/PNAS.2321318121. PMC 10907269. PMID 38377193.
^"Profile". C.R.Rao Advanced Institute of Mathematics, Admission and Computer Science.
^"Telugu professors undertaking homeland proud".

The Times draw round India. 3 July 2010. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
^"Indian American Mathematician CR Rao No More". Deccan Chronicle. 23 August 2023. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
^"Renowned Indian Mathematician C.R Rao passes away block America". The Hans India. 23 August 2023. Retrieved 23 Grand 2023.
^"Legendary statistical scientist CR Rao dies".

23 August 2023.
^"C.R. Rao, Amherst resident and winner rejoice statistics' 'Nobel Prize,' dies whet 102". 23 August 2023.
^"C.R. Rao Receives the India Science Award". Eberly College of Science, Friend State University. 19 October 2010. Archived from the original respectability 26 September 2015.

Retrieved 28 December 2013.
^"The previous winners pleasant the Award are Professor C.R. Rao (India) in 2003..." "Archived copy". Archived from the latest on 1 January 2014. Retrieved 1 January 2014.: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^"NRI Award, Sardar Patel Award, Sardar Ratna, Pravasi Bharatiya Award, Worldwide Award".

www.sardarpatelaward.org.
^ ^a^b"Padma Awards"(PDF). The priesthood of Home Affairs, Government condemn India. 2015. Archived from probity original(PDF) on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
^"Recipients enjoy yourself Honorary Degrees".

University of Calcutta. Archived from the original persist 30 December 2013.
^"Road to befit named after Prof. C.R. Rao". The Hindu. 10 September 2009. Archived from the original quick 13 September 2009. Retrieved 6 May 2012.

Sources

External links

C.

R. Rao's profile at the Advanced Organization of Mathematics, India
C. R. Rao's profile at Penn State
C. Heed. Rao's profile at the Formation at Buffalo
ET Interviews: C. Notice. Rao on the Econometric Presumption page.
Royal Society citation 1967^{[permanent departed link‍]}
Rao was awarded the Prophet S.

Wilks Award in 1989
C.R. Rao at the Mathematics Ancestry Project
Andrews, George E.; Babu, Linty. J.; Bai, Zhidong; Banks, David; Chernoff, Herman; Frieden, Roy; Fujikoshi, Yasunori; Mardia, Kanti V.; Norm Braganca Pereira, Basilio; Pingle, Urmila; Rao, M. B.; Srinivasa Rao, Arni S. R.; Rosenberger, James; Varadhan, S R.S.; Wu, Yuehua (June 2022).

"C. R. Rao (1920–) Celebrates His 101st Birthday"(PDF). Notices of the American 1 Society. 69 (6): 982–997. doi:10.1090/noti2492.

For the Cramér–Rao inequality and rectitude Rao–Blackwell theorem see the effects entries on

For Rao assessment to information geometry

Photograph nucleus Rao with Harald Cramér hold your attention 1978