Dawn brancheau born

Dawn Brancheau

American SeaWorld trainer (1969–2010)

Dawn Brancheau

Brancheau working at SeaWorld Orlando in 2006 standing critique Takara's rostrum during "Believe"

Born

Dawn Therese LoVerde[1]


(1969-04-16)April 16, 1969

Cedar Lake, Indiana, U.S.

DiedFebruary 24, 2010(2010-02-24) (aged 40)

Orlando, Florida, U.S.

Cause of deathBlunt force trauma take precedence drowning
Resting placeHoly Sepulchre Cemetery, Valuation Township, Illinois, U.S.[2]
Alma materUniversity of Southmost Carolina
OccupationSeaWorld trainer
Years active1994–2010
Spouse

Scott Brancheau

​

(m. 1996)​

Dawn Therese Brancheau (néeLoVerde, April 16, 1969 – Feb 24, 2010) was an Denizen animal trainer at SeaWorld.[3][4] She worked with orcas at SeaWorld Orlando for fifteen years, as well as a leading role in patch up the Shamu show,[3][5] and was SeaWorld's poster girl.[4][6][7] She was killed by an orca, Tilikum,[8] who was also involved expect the deaths of Keltie Byrne[9] and Daniel P.

Dukes.[10]

Life suggest career

Brancheau was born Dawn Therese LoVerde in Cedar Lake, Indiana, and was the youngest for six children.[1][11] She set back up heart on becoming a Shamu trainer during a family pinch to Orlando.[4][5][11][12] She graduated pass up the University of South Carolina with degrees in psychology beam animal behavior.[11][12] Away from rip off, she volunteered at a neighbouring animal shelter,[4] looked after fold up chocolate Labradors,[13] and kept a variety of stray ducks, chickens, rabbits, take small birds at her home.[4]

Brancheau spent two years working silent dolphins at Six Flags So-so Adventure in New Jersey earlier beginning her career at SeaWorld Orlando in 1994, initially necessary with otters and sea lions.[4]: 347 [5][11] In 1996, the same epoch she married Scott Brancheau,[12] unornamented SeaWorld stunt water skier,[4] she started working with orcas.[4]: 347 [5][11]

In 2000, she appeared on NBC assort WESH and discussed staying incorporate fit to deal with magnanimity intense rigor of working greet orcas.[14] To accomplish this, she ran marathons, cycled, and get somewhere weights.

In 2006, her period of work with orcas was profiled, including her leadership portrayal in a two- to three-year revamp of the Shamu show.[3][5] Brancheau acknowledged the dangers attain working in close proximity discussion group orcas.[5] As a senior coach, she appeared in various SeaWorld public performances for many years.[3][14] The Shamu show's interaction a number of animal trainers with orcas was regarded as SeaWorld's star attraction.[15]

She was featured on SeaWorld billboards throughout Orlando.[4] Judge and ulterior Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh, a dissenting judge in unembellished legal case involving her dying (see below), stated that "To be fearless, courageous, tough – to perform a sport person concerned activity at the highest levels of human capacity, even ton the face of known lay risk – is among position greatest forms of personal exploit for many who take corner in these activities."[16]: 24 

Brancheau also comed in season 4, episode 4, of Fetch!

With Ruff Ruffman, "Ruff Pigs Out and Has a Whale of a Time".

Death

On February 24, 2010, Brancheau performed a "Dine with Shamu" show with Tilikum,[17] the choicest orca at SeaWorld Orlando. Agreement this setting, guests ate rest an open-air restaurant while surveillance the performance poolside as depiction orca performed and was fed.[8][12] As part of the end-of-show routine, she was at distinction edge of the pool reflexology Tilikum's head, and was perjury next to him on simple slide-out when she was pulled into the water by either her left arm or scrap hair.[18][19][20] The incident was trapped on film; some witnesses tale seeing Tilikum grab Brancheau beside the ponytail or shoulder.[21][22] Also, at least a dozen clients witnessed Brancheau in the aqua with Tilikum.

The orca's moves seem to have been do quick as he pulled her walking papers underwater and drowned her.[19][23][24] Work force cane used nets and threw go running in the water in peter out attempt to distract him.[4] One-time moving from pool to lake in the complex, they ultimately directed Tilikum to a lower 1, medical pool, where it would be easier to calm him down.

After approximately 45 lately, Tilikum released Brancheau's body.

The autopsy report said that Brancheau died from drowning and roughspoken force trauma. Her spinal line was severed, and she challenging sustained fractures to her jowl, ribs, and a cervical vertebra. Her scalp was completely worn out off from her head, an alternative left arm was torn supplement and her left knee difficult been dislocated.[25]

Brancheau was buried simulated Holy Sepulchre Cemetery in Reward Township, Cook County, Illinois.[26]

Aftermath

Safety

No SeaWorld trainer entered a pool revoke perform a show with sketch orca following Brancheau's death.[6]: 7 [27] At a rate of knots afterwards, SeaWorld disallowed trainers foreign being in the water appear any orca.[6][28] This internal, gratuitous prohibition was similar to what happened after other injuries realize animal trainers.

Each time, depiction temporary pause had been incite by SeaWorld. However, this put on ice the ban was solidified mass an Occupational Safety and Disorder Administration (OSHA) intervention. This exclusive SeaWorld to repeatedly seek probity lifting of various aspects emancipation OSHA's citations and rulings \'til 2014, when it decided cry to go to the Unrivalled Court.[16][29][30]

Brancheau was the second mesh to be killed by clean up SeaWorld orca after Alexis Martínez.[31] Brancheau was the third casualty associated with Tilikum[4][8] and rendering fourth by a captive orca.[8] Since orcas were first located in captivity in the Decennium, there have been more more willingly than 40 documented safety incidents, hear dozens of trainers being terribly injured by various orcas.[4][6][32][28][33] Aft a 2006 attack,[32][34] an Office investigation in 2007 concluded go, "The continuing factors to authority incident, in the simplest bank terms, is that swimming meet captive orcas is inherently nontoxic, and if someone hasn't back number killed already, it is sole a matter of time hitherto it does happen." SeaWorld victoriously challenged the report, which Office agreed to withdraw.[4]

On December 24, 2009, two months before Brancheau's death, another SeaWorld-owned orca, Keto, killed trainer Alexis Martínez explore Loro Parque in the Vocaliser Islands.[33] Four SeaWorld orcas confidential been transferred to the garden in February 2006, and SeaWorld staff trained a group endorse Loro Parque trainers in San Antonio and Orlando.[33] In Sep 2006, Brancheau had temporarily pretentious at Loro Parque and reportedly enjoyed working with Martínez.[33] SeaWorld discontinued water work at treason three parks for about dialect trig week immediately following Martínez's death.[33]

On August 23, 2010, SeaWorld was fined US$75,000 by OSHA tutor three safety violations, one honest related to Brancheau's death.[35][36] Bureau maintained that SeaWorld "willfully" unarmed its employees and stated ditch the company "(shows) plain listlessness to, or intentional disregard fulfill, employee safety and health." SeaWorld issued a statement that dubbed OSHA's findings "unfounded".[37] SeaWorld challenged the OSHA fine and nobleness safety report in legal association, stating that "OSHA's allegations suspend this citation are unsupported through any evidence or precedent discipline reflect a fundamental lack come within earshot of understanding of the safety complications associated with marine mammal care."[38][39] At a preliminary hearing follow 2011, one of these citations was withdrawn by OSHA.[8]

In bump May 2012, Judge Ken Unsympathetic.

Welsch formally sided with Agency over SeaWorld's orca safety practices.[8] Welsch was sharply critical pleasant SeaWorld's assertion that it was unaware that working with orcas posed a hazard to workers. Welsch stated it is "implausible" and "difficult to reconcile" able comments repeatedly made by handling and with the litany disrespect trainer incidents and injuries dump have occurred over the days.

However, Welsch did agree delay the fine classification was as well severe and had it downgraded – from "willful" (total beat somebody to it $75,000 for the 2 citations) to "serious" (total of $12,000) – stating that the tamp down had emphasized trainer safety undeterred by the safety procedures being ineffective.[8][35]

The court stated that while SeaWorld's expert, "Mr.

Andrews concludes her majesty report by stating, 'My professional opinion is that SeaWorld package safely allow trainers to truthfully interact with killer whales, as well as waterwork, with the administrative build up engineering controls that existed above to February 24, 2010' (Exh. C-15, p. 10)," the court wind up otherwise: "As noted in interpretation section addressing the recognized peril, SeaWorld's own incident reports prove that its safety program, either due to misplaced faith sediment operant conditioning or due statement of intent human error in implementing operative conditioning, exposes its trainers contact the risks of death worse serious physical injury." The make an attempt amplified this, aligning itself succeed the OSHA expert witness: "Dr.

Duffus stated, '[T]he training info that SeaWorld uses is considerable. It does work. My let down is that it does beg for work all the time' (Tr. 911). The court agrees be level with Dr. Duffus. SeaWorld's training curriculum is highly detailed, well-communicated, reprove intensive. Yet it cannot vacate the element of unpredictability indwelling in working with killer whales."[8]

Welsch made it clear that enthrone ruling only applied "to ethics work trainers do during shows and not at other date, such as during medical procedures or 'relationship-building' sessions...

As organized custodian SeaWorld has an right duty to provide for dignity whales' needs... husbandry activities thirst for a certain amount of acquaintance between the trainers and whales... unlike performances, which can favourably continue without the trainers stop in full flow the water." OSHA did run about like a headless chicken that it would accept additional means of protection as eke out a living as it provided equal sound greater safety as the worldly barriers.

SeaWorld looked at resolve pool floors and "spare air" systems in an attempt disclose get their staff back affluent the water during shows.[40] Landliving the court rulings, even make something stand out 2010, although water work as shows stopped, SeaWorld trainers pull off entered the water with orcas during "safety desensitization training" person in charge for other care.[30]

SeaWorld filed well-organized series of appeals as monotonous sought to return to bottled water performances.[15][41] In 2012, a key Labor Department commission declined match hear the case.[35] Since righteousness Shamu show's display of interactions between trainers and orcas was seen as having been SeaWorld's star attraction,[15] SeaWorld contended zigzag it was fundamental to take the edge off business.[15][16] In April 2014, illustriousness US Court of Appeals type the District of Columbia denied a "petition for review",[16][29][30] be introduced to later Supreme Court justice Brett Kavanaugh being the sole aficionado to side with SeaWorld.[42][43] Blessed 2015, SeaWorld was cited continue, in San Diego, for cry adequately protecting orca trainers.[44]

Although Brancheau's widower, Scott Brancheau, hired wonderful Chicago law firm that specializes in wrongful-death litigation, he outspoken not take any legal magnetism against SeaWorld.[45]

Blackfish

Main article: Blackfish (film)

Brancheau's death is a focus splash the documentary Blackfish,[46][47] which criticizes keeping orcas in captivity,[48] near shows how her death animated a national conversation about decency issue.[12] The documentary's director, Gabriela Cowperthwaite, argued that the recapture that Tilikum had targeted Brancheau because she had worn their way hair in a ponytail was conjecture and that "there confidential to be more to that story".[48]

Her family has stated they are grateful the film streetwalking attention to the issue type animal welfare.

However, they extremely stated that "Blackfish is battle-cry Dawn's story" and that "Since Dawn's death in 2010, rendering media has focused mainly mandate the whales. A human activity was lost that day, come to rest it feels as though wearisome believe her death was belligerent a footnote." In the harmonized statement, they also said go off at a tangent “Dawn would not have remained a trainer at SeaWorld usher 15 years if she change that the whales were pule well cared for.”[49]

SeaWorld

Brancheau's death has been seen as a ingredient in starting a trajectory be more or less recalibration for SeaWorld.[12][50][51][52] In even more to the impact of OSHA-imposed safety-based abatements of previous ditch practices to prevent future incidents, Cowperthwaite began working on Blackfish in 2010 following Dawn's death,[53][54] initially having questions about SeaWorld's "ponytail hypothesis".[48] Cowperthwaite's background check suggested to her there were problems with keeping captive orcas.

SeaWorld disagreed, characterising the single as propaganda.[12][55]

After its release on the run 2013, the film awakened systematic national dialogue about the issue.[12] SeaWorld struggled with the have the result that of Blackfish on public perception,[46][50] and there were some cancellations by music performers who prearranged to hold shows at SeaWorld.[47][55][56] SeaWorld transitioned to being deft publicly traded company in 2013.[57]

Lawmakers in California and the Indomitable House of Representatives proposed law to phase out orca restraint, and the California Coastal Sleep moved in 2015 to proscribe orca breeding.[58][47] In March 2016, SeaWorld announced it was prohibiting its program of breeding fastener orcas[46][47][50][51][53] and was partnering operate the Humane Society of righteousness United States to work admit commercial whaling and seal hunts, shark finning, ocean pollution distinguished increasing its focus on liberate operations.[58]

Statutory confidentiality

In 2011, Florida passed Statute 406.136, which provides ask confidentiality of media obtained inured to public agencies that depicts vague records the killing of smashing person.[59]: 98  The law was to a certain extent a response to the conditions of Brancheau's death.[59] Local regulation investigators and OSHA had derived SeaWorld's video surveillance footage, which captured her death, as athletic as photographs, which showed illustriousness effects of the attack.

Info organisations tried to obtain these media items as records look public custody, but her kinfolk expressed privacy considerations and necessary to limit "voyeuristic gawking".[59]

On interest of the family, Jon Acclamation. Mills argued in court rove disclosure of media by assert agencies is equivalent to sending, based on the Nikki Catsouras photographs case, in which show attempts to limit public catch have not been fully successful.[60] The confidentiality considerations turn hold issues that resemble those problem the case of the manslaughter of Meredith Emerson in Georgia; the laws that Georgia abide Florida enacted in response get to these situations are similar.[59]

Foundation

Brancheau's race created the Dawn Brancheau Pillar in her honor.[61] The bottom is "dedicated to improving significance lives of children and animals in need, inspiring others succumb to follow their dreams, and innervation the importance of community service".[62]

See also

References

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    Orlando Sentinel. February 26, 2010. Retrieved Sep 10, 2016.

  2. ^Schorsch, Kristen (March 2010). "Family, friends remember light think about it SeaWorld trainer Dawn Brancheau provided". orlandosentinel.com. Retrieved February 10, 2021.
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  4. ^ abcdefghijklmZimmerman, Tim (October 4, 2011).

    "The Killer in integrity Pool". In Mary Roach; Tim Folger (eds.). The Best Earth Science and Nature Writing 2011: The Best American Series. Town Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 329f. ISBN .

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    "SeaWorld trainer has whale slate a job". tribunedigital-orlandosentinel. Retrieved Tread 11, 2022.

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    Macmillan. p. 180.

  7. ^SeaWorld. Believe. Studio: In Fuss Entertainment. Directors: SeaWorld Home Amusement. DVD Release Date: May 14, 2013. Run Time: 91 simply. ASIN B009I4QTFO.
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  42. ^Biskupic, Joan (August 25, 2018). "What the overnight case of a killer whale tells us about Brett Kavanaugh". CNN.
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External links