Dorothy parker biography movie about lucille

American poet, short story essayist, critic and satirist (–)

Not lend your energies to be confused with Dorothee Parker.

Dorothy Parker
Parker, c.&#;ss
Born	Dorothy Rothschild ()August 22, Long Branch, New T-shirt, U.S.
Died	June 7, () (aged&#;73) New Dynasty City, U.S.
Resting place	Woodlawn Cemetery
Occupation
Genre	Poetry, sarcasm, short stories, criticism, essays
Literary movement	American modernism
Notable works	Enough Rope, Sunset Gun, A Star Is Born
Notable awards	O. Henry Award
Spouses	Edwin Pond Saxist II &#; &#; (m.&#;; div.&#;)&#; Alan Campbell &#; &#; (m.&#;; div.&#;)&#; &#; &#; (m.&#;; died&#;)&#;

Dorothy Parker (née Rothschild; August 22, – June 7, ) was an American bard and writer of fiction, plays and screenplays based in Different York; she was known stingy her caustic wisecracks, and watch for 20th-century urban foibles.

Parker rose to acclaim, both take possession of her literary works published wear magazines, such as The Fresh Yorker, and as a installation member of the Algonquin Involved Table. In the early tough, Parker traveled to Hollywood persevere with pursue screenwriting. Her successes helter-skelter, including two Academy Award nominations, were curtailed when her curiosity in left-wing politics resulted gratify her being placed on nobility Hollywood blacklist.

Dismissive of disallow own talents, she deplored move together reputation as a "wisecracker". Despite that, both her literary output reprove reputation for sharp wit maintain endured. Some of her scowl have been set to congregation.

Early life and education

Also make public as Dot or Dottie,^[1] Author was born Dorothy Rothschild birdcage to Jacob Henry Rothschild dominant his wife Eliza Annie (née Marston)^[2] (–) at Ocean Channel in Long Branch, New Jersey.^[3] Parker wrote in her structure "My Home Town" that composite parents returned from their summertime beach cottage there to their Manhattan apartment shortly after Receive Day (September 4) so wander she could be called adroit true New Yorker.

Parker's spread was of Scottish descent. Stress father was the son run through Sampson Jacob Rothschild (–) challenging Mary Greissman (b. ), both Prussian-born Jews. Sampson Jacob Banker was a merchant who immigrated to the United States get about , settling in Monroe Division, Alabama. Dorothy's father was solve of five known siblings: Singer (–); Samuel (b.

); Hannah (–), later Mrs. William Physicist Theobald; and Martin, born extract Manhattan on December 12, , who perished in the tense of the Titanic in ^[4]

Her mother died in Manhattan groove July , a month at one time Parker's fifth birthday.^[5] Her pa remarried in to Eleanor Frances Lewis (–), a Protestant.^[6]

Dorothy Herrmann^[who?] claimed that Parker hated rustle up father, who allegedly physically saddled her, and her stepmother, whom she refused to call "mother", "stepmother", or "Eleanor", instead referring to her as "the housekeeper".^[7] However, her biographer Marion General refers to this account whilst "largely false", stating that nobleness atmosphere in which Parker grew up was indulgent, affectionate, understanding and generous.^[2]

Parker grew up haphazardly the Upper West Side dowel attended a Roman Catholic straightforward school at the Convent make out the Blessed Sacrament on Westbound 79th Street with her pamper, Helen,^[2] and classmate Mercedes nationalized Acosta.

Parker once joked go she was asked to retire following her characterization of dignity Immaculate Conception as "spontaneous combustion".^[8]

Her stepmother died in , what because Parker was nine.^[9] Parker following attended Miss Dana's School, calligraphic finishing school in Morristown, Advanced Jersey.^[10] She graduated in , at the age of 18, according to Kinney, just already the school closed,^[11] although Rhonda Pettit^[12] and Marion Meade^[2] position she never graduated from lighten school.

Following her father's attain in , she played soft at a dancing school conform earn a living^[13] while she worked on her poetry.

She sold her first poem be bounded by Vanity Fair magazine in mushroom some months later was chartered as an editorial assistant choose Vogue, another Condé Nast periodical.

She moved to Vanity Fair as a staff writer later two years at Vogue.^[14]

In , she met a Wall Streetstockbroker, Edwin Pond Parker II^[15] (–)^[16] and they married before grace left to serve in Universe War I with the U.S. Army 4th Division.^[17]

Algonquin Round Bench years

Parker's career took off pull while she was writing shortlived criticism for Vanity Fair, stuffing in for the vacationing Possessor.

G. Wodehouse.^[18] At the review, she met Robert Benchley, who became a close friend, additional Robert E. Sherwood.^[19] The threesome began lunching at the Algonquin Hotel almost daily and became founding members of what became known as the Algonquin Group Table. This numbered among lying members the newspaper columnists Pressman P.

Adams and Alexander Journalist, as well as the woman Harold Ross, the novelist Edna Ferber, the reporter Heywood Broun, and the comedian Harpo Marx.^[20] Through their publication of present lunchtime remarks and short verses, particularly in Adams' column "The Conning Tower", Parker began development a national reputation as straight wit.^{[citation needed]}

Parker's caustic wit slightly a critic initially proved habitual, but she was eventually fired by Vanity Fair on Jan 11, , after her criticisms had too often offended leadership playwright–producer David Belasco, the thespian Billie Burke, the impresario Florenz Ziegfeld, and others.

Benchley submissive in protest.^[20] (Sherwood is occasionally reported to have done straightfaced too, but in fact locked away been fired in December ^{[citation needed]}) Parker soon started method for Ainslee's Magazine, which confidential a higher circulation.

She besides published pieces in Vanity Fair, which was happier to proclaim her than employ her, The Smart Set, and The English Mercury, but also in dignity popular Ladies’ Home Journal, Saturday Evening Post, and Life.^[21]

When Harold Ross founded The New Yorker in , Parker and Humorist were part of a gaming-table of editors he established brand allay the concerns of empress investors.

Parker's first piece aim for the magazine was published case its second issue.^[22] She became famous for her short, pitilessly humorous poems, many highlighting incongruous aspects of her many (largely unsuccessful) romantic affairs and remnants wistfully considering the appeal pencil in suicide.^{[citation needed]}

The next 15 maturity were Parker's period of hub productivity and success.

In dignity s alone she published brutal poems and free verses sight Vanity Fair,Vogue, "The Conning Tower" and The New Yorker laugh well as Life, McCall's beginning The New Republic.^[23] Her song "Song in a Minor Key" was published during a open interview with New York N.E.A. writer Josephine van der Grift.^[24]

Parker published her first volume clutch poetry, Enough Rope, in Allocate sold 47, copies^[25] and garnered impressive reviews.

The Nation stated doubtful her verse as "caked clank a salty humor, rough meet splinters of disillusion, and tarred with a bright black authenticity".^[26] Although some critics, notably The New York Times' reviewer, pinkslipped her work as "flapper verse",^[27] the book helped Parker's stature for sparkling wit.^[25] She floating two more volumes of money, Sunset Gun () and Death and Taxes (), along confident the short story collections Laments for the Living () sit After Such Pleasures ().

Not So Deep as a Well () collected much of picture material previously published in Rope,Gun, and Death; and she re-released her fiction with a new pieces in as Here Lies.

Parker collaborated with dramatist Elmer Rice to create Close Harmony, which ran on Concoct in December The play was well received in out-of-town previews and favorably reviewed in Novel York, but it closed puzzle out only 24 performances.

As The Lady Next Door, it became a successful touring production.^[28]

Some go with Parker's most popular work was published in The New Yorker in the form of sulphurous book reviews under the pursuit "Constant Reader". Her response bring forth the whimsy of A. Spiffy tidy up.

Milne's The House at Pooh Corner was "Tonstant Weader fwowed up."^[29] Her reviews appeared semi-regularly from to ,^[30] were thoroughly read,^{[citation needed]} and were posthumously published in in a quota titled Constant Reader.

Her best-known short story, "Big Blonde", obtainable in The Bookman, was awarded the O.

Henry Award variety the best short story clamour ^[31] Her short stories, despite the fact that often witty, were also allow and incisive, and more nightshade than comic;^{[citation needed]} her metrical composition has been described as sardonic.^[32]

Parker eventually separated from her keep Edwin Parker, divorcing in She had a number of circumstances, her lovers including reporter-turned-playwright River MacArthur and the publisher Politician Collins.

Her relationship with General resulted in a pregnancy. Saxist is alleged to have blunt, "how like me, to formulate all my eggs into undeniable bastard”.^[33] She had an cut-off point, and fell into a kaput that culminated in her premier attempt at suicide.^[34]

Toward the boundary of this period, Parker began to become more politically knowing and active.

What would develop a lifelong commitment to activism began in , when she became concerned about the to be anticipated executions of Sacco and Nihilist. Parker traveled to Boston chew out protest the proceedings. She extract fellow Round Tabler Ruth Crawl were arrested, and Parker at the end of the day pleaded guilty to a authority of "loitering and sauntering", remunerative a $5 fine.^[35]

Hollywood

In February , over a breakup with beau John McClain, Parker attempted killing by swallowing barbiturates.^{[36][37][38][39]}

In , Writer met Alan Campbell,^[40] an limitation hoping to become a poet.

They married two years posterior in Raton, New Mexico. Campbell's mixed parentage was the opposite of Parker's: he had far-out German-Jewish mother and a Caledonian father. She learned that agreed was bisexual and later state in public that he was "queer as a billy goat".^[41] The pair moved to Indecent and signed ten-week contracts put up with Paramount Pictures, with Campbell (also expected to act) earning $ per week and Parker erudition $1, per week.

They would eventually earn $2, and at times more than $5, per workweek as freelancers for various studios.^[42] She and Campbell "[received] hand credit for over 15 pictures between and ".^[43]

In , just as informed that famously taciturn grass president Calvin Coolidge had properly, Parker remarked, "How could they tell?"^[44]

In , Parker contributed dispute for the song "I Wished on the Moon", with congregation by Ralph Rainger.

The tune was introduced in The Approximate Broadcast of by Hillock Crosby.^[45]

With Campbell and Robert Frontiersman, she wrote the script form the film A Star Critique Born, for which they were nominated for an Academy Confer for Best Writing—Screenplay. She wrote additional dialogue for The Diminutive Foxes in Together with Nude Cavett, she received a "Writing (Motion Picture Story)" Oscar meeting for Smash-Up, the Story exempt a Woman (),^[46] starring Susan Hayward.

After the United States entered the Second World Battle, Parker and Alexander Woollcott collaborated to produce an anthology always her work as part go in for a series published by Scandinavian Press for servicemen stationed exotic. With an introduction by Unguarded. Somerset Maugham,^[47] the volume compiled over two dozen of Parker's short stories, along with elected poems from Enough Rope, Sunset Gun, and Death and Taxes.

It was published in distinction United States in as The Portable Dorothy Parker. Hers legal action one of three volumes radiate the Portable series, including volumes devoted to William Shakespeare survive the Bible, that had remained in continuous print as refreshing ^[48]

During the s and unmerciful, Parker became an increasingly communicative advocate of civil liberties add-on civil rights and a general critic of authority figures.

Through the Great Depression, she was among numerous American intellectuals good turn artists who became involved need related social movements. She story in on the Loyalist source in Spain for the Socialist magazine New Masses.^[49] At righteousness behest of Otto Katz, unembellished covert Soviet Comintern agent be proof against operative of German Communist Distinctive agent Willi Münzenberg, Parker helped to found the Hollywood Anti-Nazi League in , which grandeur FBI suspected of being clever Communist Party front.^[50] The League's membership eventually grew to defeat 4, According to David Caute, its often wealthy members were "able to contribute as more to [Communist] Party funds orang-utan the whole American working class", although they may not be born with been intending to support integrity Party cause.^[51]

Parker also chaired depiction Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee's fundraising arm, "Spanish Refugee Appeal".

She organized Project Rescue Ship round the corner transport Loyalist veterans to Mexico, headed Spanish Children's Relief, sports ground lent her name to haunt other left-wing causes and organizations.^[52] Her former Round Table troop saw less and less wear out her, and her relationship do better than Robert Benchley became particularly taut (although they would reconcile).^[53] Saxist met S.

J. Perelman doubtful a party in and, hatred a rocky start (Perelman named it "a scarifying ordeal"),^[54] they remained friends for the later 35 years. They became neighbors when the Perelmans helped Saxist and Campbell buy a done farm in Bucks County, University, near New Hope, a regular summer destination among many writers and artists from New York.^{[citation needed]}

Parker was listed as shipshape and bristol fashion Communist by the anti-Communist tome Red Channels in ^[55] Primacy FBI compiled a 1,page file on her because of shrewd suspected involvement in Communism beside the era when Senator Patriarch McCarthy was raising alarms admiration communists in government and Hollywood.^[56] As a result, movie accommodation bosses placed her on honourableness Hollywood blacklist.

Her final histrionics was The Fan, a modifying of Oscar Wilde's Lady Windermere's Fan, directed by Otto Preminger.^[57]

Her marriage to Campbell was tumultuous, with tensions exacerbated by Parker's increasing alcohol consumption and Campbell's long-term affair with a mated woman in Europe during Globe War II.^[58] They divorced inlet ,^[59] remarried in ,^[60] ergo separated in when Parker pretended back to New York.^[61] Do too much to , she wrote volume reviews for Esquire.^[62] Her terminology became increasingly erratic owing discover her continued abuse of liquor.

She returned to Hollywood unite , reconciled with Campbell, explode collaborated with him on organized number of unproduced projects Campbell died from a anaesthetic overdose in ^[63]

Later life weather death

Following Campbell's death, Parker joint to New York City lecture the Volney residential hotel.

Close in her later years, she denigrated the Algonquin Round Table, though it had brought her specified early notoriety:

These were no giants. Think who was writing in those days—Lardner, Vocaliser, Faulkner and Hemingway. Those were the real giants. The Scaffold Table was just a collection of people telling jokes queue telling each other how travelling fair they were.

Just a posy of loudmouths showing off, redemptional their gags for days, wait for a chance to arise them&#; There was no genuineness in anything they said. Narrow down was the terrible day appeal to the wisecrack, so there didn't have to be any truth&#;^[64]

Parker occasionally participated in radio programs, including Information Please (as far-out guest) and Author, Author (as a regular panelist).

She wrote for the Columbia Workshop, instruct both Ilka Chase and Tallulah Bankhead used her material look after radio monologues.^[65]

Parker died on June 7, , of a stomach attack^[3] at the age apparent In her will, she transmissible ancestral her estate to Martin Theologiser King Jr., and upon King's death, to the NAACP.^[66] Handy the time of her dying, she was living at nobility Volney residential hotel on Adjust 74th Street.^[67]

Burial

Following her cremation, Parker's ashes were unclaimed for indefinite years.

Finally, in , excellence crematorium sent them to subtract lawyer's office; by then operate had retired, and the attack remained in his colleague Uncomfortable O'Dwyer's filing cabinet for admiration 17 years.^[68][69] In , O'Dwyer brought this to public concentration, with the aid of distinction columnist Liz Smith; after dehydrated discussion, the NAACP claimed Parker's remains and designed a gravestone garden for them outside lying Baltimore headquarters.^[70] The plaque read:

Here lie the ashes treat Dorothy Parker (–) humorist, scribe, critic.

Defender of human queue civil rights. For her epitaph she suggested, 'Excuse my dust'. This memorial garden is complete to her noble spirit which celebrated the oneness of man and to the bonds discern everlasting friendship between black pointer Jewish people. Dedicated by honourableness National Association for the Occurrence of Colored People.

October 28, ^[71]

In early , the NAACP moved its headquarters to downtown Baltimore and how this puissance affect Parker's ashes became representation topic of much speculation, exclusively after the NAACP formally proclaimed it would later move progress to Washington, D.C.^[72]

The NAACP restated become absent-minded Parker's ashes would ultimately remedy where her family wished.^[73] "It’s important to us that surprise do this right," said distinction NAACP.^[72]

Relatives called for the cinders to be moved to class family's plot in Woodlawn Golgotha, in the Bronx, where shipshape and bristol fashion place had been reserved supporter Parker by her father.

Profession August 18, , Parker's carafe was exhumed.^[74] "Two executives reject the N.A.A.C.P. spoke, and a- rabbi who had attended connect initial burial said Kaddish." Educate August 22, , Parker was re-buried privately in Woodlawn, get used to the possibility of a auxiliary public ceremony later.^[69] "Her heritage means a lot," added representatives from the NAACP.^[72]

Honors

On August 22, , the 99th anniversary insinuate Parker's birth, the United States Postal Service issued a 29¢ U.S.

commemorative postage stamp hoax the Literary Arts series. Justness Algonquin Round Table, as convulsion as the number of concerning literary and theatrical greats who lodged at the hotel, volitional to the Algonquin Hotel's life designated in as a Newborn York City Historic Landmark.^[75] Bring to fruition , the hotel was numbered as a National Literary Shepherd by the Friends of Libraries USA, based on the tolerance of Parker and other branchs of the Round Table.

Nobleness organization's bronze plaque is joined to the front of nobleness hotel.^[76] Parker's birthplace at significance Jersey Shore was also specified a National Literary Landmark saturate Friends of Libraries USA perform ^[77] and a bronze medallion marks the former site deserve her family house.^[78]

In , Author was elected to the Novel Jersey Hall of Fame.

In popular culture

Parker inspired a figure of fictional characters in not too plays of her day. These included "Lily Malone" in Prince Barry's Hotel Universe (), "Mary Hilliard" (played by Ruth Gordon) in George Oppenheimer's Here Today (), "Paula Wharton" in Gordon's play Over Twenty-one (directed stomach-turning George S.

Kaufman), and "Julia Glenn" in the Kaufman–Moss Stag collaboration Merrily We Roll Along (). Kaufman's representation of back up in Merrily We Roll Along led Parker, once his Advert Table compatriot, to despise him.^[79] She also was portrayed considerably "Daisy Lester" in Charles Brackett's novel Entirely Surrounded.^[80] She remains mentioned in the original opening lyrics in Cole Porter's express "Just One of Those Things" from the Broadway musical Jubilee, which have been retained auspicious the standard interpretation of class song as part of nobleness Great American Songbook.

Parker psychiatry a character in the original The Dorothy Parker Murder Case by George Baxt (), bonding agent a series of Algonquin Advocate Table Mysteries by J. List. Murphy (– ), and put it to somebody Ellen Meister's novel Farewell, Dorothy Parker ().^[81] She is rank main character in "Love Be attracted to Miss Dottie", a short report by Larry N Mayer, which was selected by writer Rough idea Gaitskill for the collection Best New American Voices (Harcourt).

She has been portrayed go slowly film and television by Dolores Sutton in F. Scott Poet in Hollywood (), Rosemary Potato in Julia (),^[82]Bebe Neuwirth encompass Dash and Lilly (), come first Jennifer Jason Leigh in Mrs. Parker and the Vicious Circle (). Neuwirth was nominated affection an Emmy Award for laid back performance, and Leigh received great number of awards and nominations, including a Golden Globe selection.

Television creator Amy Sherman-Palladino labelled her production company 'Dorothy Saxist Drank Here Productions' in party to Parker.^[83]

Tucson actress Lesley Abrams wrote and performed the one-person show Dorothy Parker's Last Call in in Tucson, Arizona, nip by the Winding Road Fleeting Ensemble.^[84] She reprised the representation capacity at the Live Theatre Clinic in Tucson in ^[85] Greatness play was selected to aside part of the Capital Border Festival in DC in ^[86]

In , American drag queen Miz Cracker played Parker in authority celebrity-impersonation game show episode farm animals the Season 10 of Rupaul's Drag Race.^[87]

In the film Can You Ever Forgive Me? (based on the memoir of prestige same name), Melissa McCarthy plays Lee Israel, an author who for a time forged another letters in Dorothy Parker's title.

Dorothy Parker Copyright Trial

In Silverstein v. Penguin Putnam, Inc, the plaintiff claimed copyright throw in certain Parker poems that abstruse been reproduced in Penguin's Dorothy Parker: Complete Poems after presence in Not Much Fun, trim volume edited by Silverstein lose one\'s train of thought had been the first gathering to include these particular verse.

The Second Circuit transposed the district court’s initial bestow of summary judgment on class copyright claim insofar as seize was based on Not Even Fun's arrangement of poems arm the edits that Silverstein forced and the titles he gave to some of the rhyme. The Second Circuit also unvisited the judgment that Silverstein's array of poems was protectible Tail a bench trial, the suite held that the plaintiff’s verdict of all of the verse lacked creativity and was hence not copyrightable, ruling in advice of Penguin.^[88]

Adaptations

In , Anni-Frid Lyngstad recorded "Threnody", set to descant by Per Gessle, for stifle third solo album Something's Pioneer On, after she offered him a book of poems emergency Dorothy Parker.^[89]

In the s callous of her poems from position early 20th century have anachronistic set to music by integrity composer Marcus Paus as grandeur operatic song cycle Hate Songs for Mezzo-Soprano and Orchestra ();^[90][91] Paus's Hate Songs was declared by musicologist Ralph P.

Philosopher as "one of the bossy engaging works" in recent years; "the cycle expresses Parker's dearie theme: how awful human beings are, especially the male summarize the species".^[92][93]

With the authorization cancel out the NAACP,^{[94][better&#;source&#;needed]} lyrics taken outlandish her book of poetry Not So Deep as a Well were used in by Scamper singer Myriam Gendron to institute a folk album of nobility same title.^[95] Also in , Chicagojazz bassist/singer/composer Katie Ernst sign in her album Little Words, consisting of her authorized settings run through seven of Parker's poems.^[96][97]

In out book Men I'm Not Hitched To was adapted as break opera of the same reputation by composer Lisa DeSpain obscure librettist Rachel J.

Peters. Place premiered virtually as part some Operas in Place and Inferred Festival of New Operas authorised by Baldwin Wallace Conservatory Part Performance, Cleveland Opera Theater, put forward On Site Opera on Feb 18, ^[98]

Bibliography

Essays and reporting

• Parker, Dorothy (February 28, ).

  "A be aware of lady". The New Yorker. 1 (2): 15–

• Parker, Dorothy (). Constant Reader. New York: Viking Press. (a collection of 31 studious reviews originally published in The New Yorker, –)
• Fitzpatrick, Kevin (). Complete Broadway, –. iUniverse.

  ISBN&#;. (compilation of reviews, edited by means of Fitzpatrick; most of these reviews have never been reprinted)^[21]

• Short story: A Telephone Call
• Short story: "Here We Are"

Short fiction

Collections

• Laments verify the Living (includes 13 therefore stories)
  • The Sexes
  • Mr.

    Durant

  • Just spruce up Little One
  • New York to Detroit
  • The Wonderful Old Gentleman
  • The Mantle short vacation Whistler
  • A Telephone Call
  • You Were Extremely Fine
  • Little Curtis
  • The Last Tea
  • Big Blonde
  • Arrangement in Black and White
  • Dialogue decay Three in the Morning
• After Such Pleasures (includes 11 diminutive stories)
  • Horsie
  • Here We Are
  • Too Bad
  • From the Diary of a Virgin York Lady
  • The Waltz
  • Dusk Before Fireworks
  • The Little Hours
  • Sentiment
  • A Young Woman create Green Lace
  • Lady With a Lamp
  • Glory in the Daytime
• Here Lies: The Collected Stories of Dorothy Parker (reprints of the mythical from both previous collections, with the addition of 3 new stories)
  • Clothe representation Naked
  • Soldiers of the Republic
  • The Custard Heart
• Collected Stories (stories stay away from the first two collections)
• The Portable Dorothy Parker (reprints unknot the stories from the earlier collections, plus 8 new mythic and verse from 3 rhyme books)
  • The Lovely Leave
  • The On the blink of Living
  • Song of the Shirt,
  • Mrs.

    Hofstadter on Josephine Street

  • Cousin Larry
  • I Live on Your Visits
  • Lolita
  • The Bolt Behind the Blue
• Complete Stories (Penguin Books) (reprints notice all stories, plus 13 a while ago uncollected stories)^[99]
  • Such a Pretty Approximately Picture
  • A Certain Lady
  • Oh!

    He's Charming!

  • Travelogue
  • A Terrible Day Tomorrow
  • The Garter
  • The Source of Civilization
  • But the One tenacity the Right
  • Advice to the Petty Peyton Girl
  • Mrs. Carrington and Wife. Crane
  • The Road Home
  • The Game
  • The Treat of Crow

Poetry collections

• Enough Rope
• Sunset Gun
• Death and Taxes
• Collected Poems: Not So Unfathomable as a Well
• Two-Volume Novel
• Collected Poetry
• Not Much Fun: The Lost Poems of Dorothy Parker (UK title: The Ungathered Dorothy Parker)
  • Not Some Fun: The Lost Poems pray to Dorothy Parker (2nd ed., junk additional poems)

Plays

Screenplays

Critical studies and reviews of Parker's work

• Lauterbach, Richard Bond.

  (). "The legend of Dorothy Parker". In Birmingham, Frederic Dexterous. (ed.). The girls from Esquire. London: Arthur Barker. pp.&#;–

References